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Configuring NFS-server

Assumptions To collect sufficient and accurate information to create NFS server configuration should answer the following questions : Is the intense pressure on the attributes or intensive data? Will customers to use a caching file system to reduce demand? How many average will be fully active clients? What types of client systems to be used and under what operating systems they work? How big file systems to be used in the separation of access? Repeat if demands of different customers to the same file (for example, to include files), or they belong to different files? What are the number and type of alleged exploitation networks? Is the current network configuration suitable for the type of traffic? Is the purported server configuration of the CPU to manage traffic associated with the applicable network? If local network (WAN), whether the medium and routers rather small delay and higher bandwidth to ensure the practicality of NFS? Is the disk drives and SCSI host adapters to the main set of productivity? Is the use of software tools like Online : DiskSuit to adequately burden on access to records of all the disk drives? If used frequently writes NFS, does the configuration of NVSIMM? Does the proposed strategy backup type, number and location of the SCSI bus devices backup? Perhaps the most important requirement for NFS-servera configuration is sufficient bandwidth and preparedness network. This practice leads to the need for a configuration with the number and type of networks and interfaces. As noted earlier, the most important factor in determining the choice of network configuration, is the dominant type of NFS used applications. For applications with intense pressure on the required relatively few networks, but those networks must have high bandwidth, such as FDDI network or CDDI. These requirements may be met with a 100baseT networks (Ethernet 100 Mbit / s) or ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode 155 Mbps). Most of the attributes intensive applications and working with a less expensive infrastructure, but may require a large number of networks. To decide on the choice of network is relatively easy. If for individual customer needs aggregated speed in excess of 1 MB / s, or for simultaneous operation of multiple customers need network bandwidth in excess of 1 MB / s, these applications require high-speed networks. There are in fact (1 Mb / s) artificially inflated, because it describes the speed that you do not exceed the guarantee. Usually considered more prudent speed Ethernet network of approximately 440 MB / s, but not limited to 1 MB / s. (Typically, users perceive Ethernet as neotvechayuschuyu "is about 35% in network load. The figure is 440 MB / s corresponds to 35% tax load lines with a capacity of 1.25 MB / s). If you do the customary mode does not require bandwidth, it may be less than adequate speed network environment like Ethernet or TokenRing. This environment provides sufficient speed in the performance of lookup and getattr that dominate annex intensive attributes and the relatively easy data traffic associated with such use. High-speed networks are most useful for large groups of customers with intense pressure on the rather because of the lower cost of infrastructure, rather than for reasons of maximum capacity, in collaboration with one of the other. This is the current state of NFS protocol, which is currently working with blocks of length 8 MB and provides pre-selected only 8 MB (ie one operation to the server can be defined as 16 MB of data). The overall effect of such an organization is that the maximum data transfer speed between the client and server to interact via FDDI ring is approximately 2.7 MB / s. (This speed is achieved by using the file / etc / system on the customer operator set nfs : nfs_async_threads = 16. Customers must run SunOS 4.1.x 12 biod demons, and not eight as it is by default). The speed of three times the maximum speed, which provides Ethernet though the speed of FDDI ten times greater. (NFS is an application layer protocol (level 7 in the OSI model). Minutes lower levels, such as TCP and UDP can handle much higher speeds, using the same hardware. Most of the time waiting for responses and other processing application layer. Other application layer protocols, not designed for immediate response and / or confirmation, also can convey a much higher rate environment). Peak speed in the case of 16 Mbps Token Ring is approximately 1.4 MB / s. More recently announced a new version of NFS protocol +, which eliminates this limitation, allowing work with much larger units. NFS + allows transmission blocks almost arbitrary size. The client and server agree on the maximum amount for each unit to mount a file system. The block size can grow up to 4 GB. The main advantage 100-Mbitnyh networks using conventional versions of NFS is that the network can support many simultaneous transmission of data without degradation. When the server sends the data to Ethernet clients at the rate of 1 MB / s, the transmission consumes 100% available network bandwidth. Attempts to transfer to the network more data lead to a lower capacity for all users. The same client and the server can send data at a speed of 2.7 MB / sec for FDDI rings, but in a high-speed network that transaction consumes only 21% of available bandwidth. The network can support five or six channel at the same time without serious degradation. This situation can be likened to a high-speed backbone. When the traffic light (light traffic) speed highway with two lanes and a speed limit of 90 kilometres per hour is almost as good as vosmipolosnaya superhighway with a speed limit of 120 km per hour. But when traffic is heavy (heavy traffic) Mainline much less susceptible to congestion. The FDDI also slightly (about 5%) is more effective than Ethernet and Token Ring environments in intensive sending data because it can put the package more useful data (4500 bytes, compared to 1500 bytes to 2048 bytes Ethernet and Token Ring to). When sending data of 8 MB needs to process only two sets, compared with five or six for Token Ring and Ethernet. But all these considerations are valid only for the environment with intensive data transfer, as the attributes in the processing of requests is small (for 80-128 bytes), to transfer only one package regardless of the type of network in use. If the existing wiring in the enterprise network pre-empt the use of FDDI fiber, there are standards for copper wire FDDI (CDDI), which ensures that switching network with the existing facility on the basis of TP cable. While ATM has not yet become a widely used technology, perhaps in the future it will become the main vehicle for protection from intense sending data because it provides faster data (currently defined data transmission speed 155 Mbits / s, 622 Mbit / s and 2.4 Gbit / s) and the use of point-to-point topology, in which each joint klient-hab can work with a speed of its environment.

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